To account for tolls, a constant value of time is applied in conventional procedures, which in principle converts costs (tolls) into time and the conventional monocriterial assignment procedures are directly applicable.
The treatment of tolls is an extension that can be incorporated into Visum by modeling link and/or area tolls in any static equilibrium assignment procedure and the simulation-based assignment (SBA). In addition, there are special extensions in Visum : TRIBUT (as an extension of the Equilibrium method) and the TRIBUT Equilibrium_Lohse procedure (as an extension of the Equilibrium_Lohse method).
Compared to the conventional approach, TRIBUT uses a concurrent distributed time value. Accordingly, TRIBUT calculates in the route search as well as in the route choice with two separate criteria, namely with time and costs (bicriterion).
This method has been used for many years in France, for the evaluation of privately financed freeways with toll management. Compared to the conventional approach, it is characterized by a much more realistic price elasticity in the use of toll roads.
Tolls are transport system-specific and can be defined either for a link, for a link sequence, or geographically defined territories. The modeling of non-linear toll systems for link sequences represents a special feature that can only be considered within the TRIBUT Equilibrium_Lohse procedure.
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Note: In the directory C:\Users\Public\Documents\PTV Vision\PTV Visum 2025/Examples, you will find an application example for the consideration of toll in TRIBUT assignments. The PrT Assignment Tribut example illustrates the use of different types of tolls in combination with TRIBUT assignments. |
